A string is a sequence of characters, so a lot of what works on lists works on strings too: word[0] is the first letter, len(word) the number of characters, word[1:4] a slice and "a" in word a check.
Strings can't be changed in place, but they have methods that make new strings. upper() and lower() change the case, strip() removes spaces at the ends, and replace(old, new) swaps text.
word = "Python"
print(word[0], len(word))
print(word.upper())
print(" hi ".strip() + "!")P 6 PYTHON hi!
split() cuts a string into a list of words (or at whatever separator you give it), and "-".join(list) goes the other way, gluing a list of strings together with a separator.
parts = "red,green,blue".split(",")
print(parts)
print(" & ".join(parts))['red', 'green', 'blue'] red & green & blue
An f-string puts values into text: write f before the quotes and the variable names in curly brackets. It's the clearest way to build a message, and it converts numbers for you.
name = "Ana"
age = 12
print(f"{name} is {age} years old")Ana is 12 years old
What does this print?
s = "keyboard"
print(s[3:])| s[i], s[a:b], len(s) | A character, a slice, the length. |
|---|---|
| s.upper() / s.lower() | Capitals / small letters. |
| s.strip() | Removes spaces from both ends. |
| s.split(sep) | Cuts into a list (at spaces by default). |
| sep.join(list) | Glues a list of strings with sep between. |
| f"{x}" | An f-string: puts the value of x into the text. |